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今年5月,匈牙利进行了制度更迭后的第二次多党国会选举。经过5月8日和29日两轮投票,匈牙利社会党取得重大胜利。根据最后统计结果,社会党赢得386个国会代表席位中的209席,占54.1%。不仅大大高于1990年选举时8.55%的比例,而且遥遥领先于其他各参选政党。这样,社会党由原来在国会中名列第四的反对党一跃成为国会中的第一大党。社会党获胜,原因很多。匈牙利舆论和外国分析家们普遍认为,最主要的原因在于原执政党政绩不佳,特别是国内经济不仅没有好转,而且继续衰退、滑坡,多数人生活水平连年下降,政府失去选民的信任。1990年匈牙利第一届多党国会选举后组成的三党中右政府曾许诺,新政府将领导国家在短期内摆脱经济危机,居民的生活水平也会很快提高。然而过去4年中国内生产总值下降了23%,工业生产下降30%以上,农业也连年欠收。与此同时,国家预算赤字大幅度增加,债台高筑。几年来通货膨胀率一直保持在22%到35%。目前失业率已达12%,多数
In May this year, Hungary conducted the second multi-party parliamentary election after the institutional change. After two rounds of voting on May 8 and 29, the Hungarian Socialist Party won a major victory. According to the final statistics, the Socialist Party won 209 seats in 386 parliamentary seats, accounting for 54.1%. Not only much higher than the 8.55% ratio in the 1990 election, but far ahead of other participating political parties. In this way, the Socialist Party became the largest party in the National Assembly from the opposition party, which was originally ranked fourth in the National Assembly. The Socialist Party wins for many reasons. Hungarian public opinion and foreign analysts generally believe that the main reason is the poor performance of the ruling party. In particular, the domestic economy has not only failed to improve, but has continued to decline and decline. The standard of living of the majority has been declining year by year. The government has lost the trust of voters. The three-party right-wing government formed after the first multi-party parliamentary election in 1990 in Hungary promised that the new government would lead the country out of the economic crisis in the short term and that the living standards of the residents would soon be raised. However, in the past four years, China’s gross domestic product has fallen by 23%, industrial production has dropped by more than 30%, and agriculture has been losing money in successive years. In the meantime, the country’s budget deficit has risen sharply and its debt has been booming. Inflation has remained at 22% to 35% over the years. At present the unemployment rate has reached 12%, the majority