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太原市采暖期大气污染明显严重于非采暖期,为解决采暖期的大气污染问题,太原市制定了《太原市集中供热专项规划方案》。为了定量分析该规划实施后环境空气质量改善的效果,文章通过现场调查、资料调研和公式估算等方法,建立了太原市供热相关的现状污染源清单和供热改造后污染源清单,并以MM5模拟气象场和部分地面气象站观测数据为基础,利用适用于太原市复杂地形条件的CALPUFF大气扩散模型,对供热相关污染源在规划实施前后的污染贡献分别进行了模拟,分析了空气质量改善的效果。模拟显示,在供热相关污染源污染贡献相对较大的太原市区,SO2、NO2和PM10冬季采暖的污染贡献率可分别达到36.4%、35.3%和25.3%,规划实施后,各区域环境空气质量均明显好转。其中SO2下降幅度在8%~30.9%之间,NO2下降幅度在4.7%~22.1%之间,PM10下降幅度在2.3%~24.4%之间,最大下降幅度均出现在太原市区。
Taiyuan heating during the air pollution was significantly worse than the non-heating period, in order to solve the air pollution during the heating issue, Taiyuan developed “special plan for central heating in Taiyuan.” In order to quantitatively analyze the effect of ambient air quality improvement after the implementation of the plan, the article established a list of current pollution sources related to heat supply in Taiyuan City and a list of pollution sources after heat supply reconstruction through on-site investigation, data research and formula estimation, Meteorological field and part of meteorological observational data, using the CALPUFF atmospheric diffusion model which is suitable for the complex terrain in Taiyuan, the contribution of heat-related pollution sources before and after the planning and implementation were respectively simulated and the effect of air quality improvement was analyzed . The simulation shows that in the urban area of Taiyuan where the contribution of heat-related pollution sources is relatively large, the contribution rates of SO2, NO2 and PM10 in winter heating can reach 36.4%, 35.3% and 25.3% respectively. After the implementation of the plan, the ambient air quality Obvious improvement. The decrease of SO2 was between 8% and 30.9%, the decrease of NO2 was between 4.7% and 22.1%, and the decrease of PM10 was between 2.3% and 24.4%. The largest decrease occurred in the urban area of Taiyuan.