我们以住宅为例作了经济分析,占整个造价比例最大的是墙身,一般在35～38％,其次是楼面占20～24％,屋面占17～25％。要降低造价,必须从这些主要方面着手。首先我们对造价最大的墙身工程进行了试点改革,在集体宿舍、食堂工程上试制了现浇四合土(水泥,石灰、砂、碎石)墙,非承重墙厚11.5厘米,承重山墙厚24厘米(图1、2、3、4)。 一、通过施工,我们认为四合土墙有如下的优缺点 优点:1.以石代砖,就近取材,充分利用了地方材料。2.造价低,墙身工程比砖墙降低造价约17％。3.施工简便,需要技工少。4.水泥用量比素混凝土及大孔无砂混凝 We use residential housing as an example for economic analysis. The largest proportion of the total cost is the wall, which is generally 35 to 38%, followed by floor space accounting for 20 to 24%, and roofing accounting for 17 to 25%. To reduce costs, we must start with these major aspects. First of all, we conducted pilot reforms on the most costly wall projects, and trialed cast-in-place concrete (cement, lime, sand, gravel) walls on collective dormitory and canteen projects. The non-load-bearing walls were 11.5 centimeters thick and the load-bearing gables were thick. 24 cm (Figure 1, 2, 3, 4). First, through the construction, we believe that the quadruple soil wall has the following advantages and disadvantages. Advantages: 1. Take the stone bricks, draw materials nearby, and make full use of local materials. 2. The cost is low, and the wall construction costs about 17% less than the brick wall. 3. The construction is simple and requires less labor. 4. Concrete with cement and large pores without sand coagulation