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据最新版本黄河流域水资源调查评价,1956—2000年系列黄河多年平均河川天然径流量为534.8亿m3。黄河以仅占全国河川径流量2%的水资源,养育了全国15%左右的人口,灌溉了占全国15%的耕地,支撑了约占全国4%的国民生产总值。近年来,由于河道、工程设施、经济社会发展、工程管理等方面原因,在部分地区,黄河供水保证能力有所下降,引起了当地政府和社会群众的一些忧虑。本文针对黄河下游供水及运行管理的现状和问题,提出了完善黄河下游供水管理体制和机制等方面的意见和建议,为今后黄河下游供水安全保障的体制机制建设提供决策参考。
According to the latest version of the Yellow River Basin Water Resources Survey and Evaluation, 1956-2000 series of the Yellow River’s annual average natural runoff of 53.48 billion m3. With a water resource of 2% of national runoff, the Yellow River has raised about 15% of the country’s population, irrigated 15% of the country’s cultivated land and supported about 4% of the country’s gross national product. In recent years, due to reasons such as river courses, engineering facilities, economic and social development and project management, the Yellow River water supply assurance ability has declined in some areas, causing some concerns of the local government and the public. In view of the status quo and problems of water supply and operation management in the lower Yellow River, this paper puts forward suggestions and suggestions on how to improve the system and mechanism of water supply in the lower Yellow River so as to provide reference for the future construction of institutional mechanisms for water supply security in the lower Yellow River.