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目的:本文利用兵团2004年卫生服务家庭入户调查资料,通过城市和农场居民两周患病率及疾病的严重程度反映兵团居民健康水平及卫生服务需要。方法:采取多阶段分层、整群随机抽样法,对兵团4 469户,13 126人进行家庭入户健康询问调查。结果:兵团居民的两周患病率为177.6‰,其中城市为191.4‰,农场为172.2‰,城市和农场两周患病率比较,χ2=3.831,P=0.147,差异无统计学意义。城市居民系统别两周患病率前五位依次为呼吸系统疾病(59.2‰)、循环系统疾病(47.5‰)、消化系统疾病(22.0‰)、肌肉骨骼结缔组织疾病(17.9‰)和内分泌代谢免疫系统疾病(10.3‰);农场居民前五位依次为呼吸系统疾病(44.7‰)、消化系统疾病(30.6‰)、肌肉骨骼结缔组织疾病(29.8‰)、循环系统疾病(24.4‰)和泌尿生殖系统疾病(5.6‰)。城市居民疾病别两周患病率前五位依次为急性鼻咽炎(36.6‰)、高血压(25.5‰)、流行性感冒(9.8‰)、急慢性胃肠炎(9.0‰)、糖尿病(8.1‰)。农场居民前五位依次为急性鼻咽炎(21.7‰)、急慢性胃肠炎(12.1‰)、高血压(12.0‰)、类风湿性关节炎(10.7‰)、流行性感冒(9.7‰)。兵团居民两周内每千人患病天数为1 436天,因病休工天数为237天,卧床天数为173天。结论:兵团居民两周患病率以及疾病严重程度的增加,疾病谱发生改变,这种变化趋势应引起兵团卫生管理部门高度重视。
OBJECTIVE: In this paper, the corps’ health-service household survey data in 2004 were used to reflect the health status and health service needs of Corps residents through the two-week prevalence rate and the severity of the disease among urban residents and farm residents. Methods: A multistage stratified and cluster random sampling method was used to investigate the health inquiry of 4 469 households and 13 126 people in the Corps. Results: The two-week prevalence of Corps residents was 177.6 ‰, of which 191.4 ‰ in cities and 172.2 ‰ in farms. The prevalence rates of two weeks in urban and rural areas were χ2 = 3.831, P = 0.147, with no significant difference. The prevalence rates of urban residents in the other two weeks were: respiratory system disease (59.2 ‰), circulatory system disease (47.5 ‰), digestive system disease (22.0 ‰), musculoskeletal connective tissue disease (17.9 ‰) and endocrine and metabolic diseases (10.3 ‰). The top five farm residents were respiratory diseases (44.7 ‰), digestive diseases (30.6 ‰), musculoskeletal connective tissue diseases (29.8 ‰), circulatory diseases (24.4 ‰) and urinary diseases Reproductive system diseases (5.6 ‰). The top five prevalences of urban residents in the two weeks were acute nasopharyngitis (36.6 ‰), high blood pressure (25.5 ‰), influenza (9.8 ‰), acute and chronic gastroenteritis (9.0 ‰), diabetes (8.1 ‰). The top five farm residents were acute nasopharyngitis (21.7 ‰), acute and chronic gastroenteritis (12.1 ‰), hypertension (12.0 ‰), rheumatoid arthritis (10.7 ‰) and influenza (9.7 ‰). The number of sick days per 1,000 population for the Corps residents in two weeks was 1 436 days, 237 days for sick leave and 173 days for bed rest. Conclusion: The two-week prevalence of Corps residents and the increase of the severity of the disease and the change of the disease spectrum should lead to the Corps Health Management Department attaching great importance.