新中国成立以来 ,我们民族经历了二次人性解放的喜悦 ,与此同时还感受到了两次人性失落的悲凉。总结反思二次人性的失落 ,不难发现 :无论是从理论方面对马克思主义人性观的理解 ,还是在实践中感受到的我们民族的人性发展 ,都存在着严重的偏颇与残缺。透过两次人性失落带给人们的困惑 ,深掘其因由 ,它们表现为 :在长期封建主义桎梏下造成的我们性格的缺陷、思维定式的弊端和社会环境的缺憾。面对社会主义市场经济的构造 ,应该总结两次人性失落的因由 ,建立完全的社会主义市场经济 ,实现政治和意识形态领域的现代化 ,走出我们民族的人性复归之路 Since the founding of new China, our nation has experienced the joy of liberating humanity for the second time. At the same time, we have also felt the tragedy of losing humanity twice. To sum up and reflect on the loss of the second humanity, it is not hard to find that there are serious biases and disabilities in both the theoretical understanding of Marx’s humanity outlook and the human nature development of our nation felt in practice. Through the confusion caused by the loss of human nature, we dig deep into its causes. They manifest themselves as defects of our character caused by long-term feudalism, defects of thinking style, and shortcomings of the social environment. In the face of the structure of the socialist market economy, we should sum up two reasons for the loss of human nature, establish a complete socialist market economy, modernize the political and ideological fields, and return to the path of humanity’s return to our nation