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目的研究上海市宝山区杨行镇学龄前儿童视力发育现状及影响因素,为其防治、保护儿童视力提供依据。方法采用普查法,用国际标准视力表对杨行社区13家托幼机构3～6周岁学龄前儿童进行裸眼远视力检查和问卷调查。筛查人数4465名,对检查结果进行分析。结果杨行社区学龄前儿童视力发育异常率为:小班9.27%、中班13.77%、大班22.36%,3～6周岁学龄前儿童随着年龄的增长患病率逐渐增加;公办幼儿园儿童的视力发病率比民办幼儿园儿童的发病率高;学龄前儿童每日接触电子产品的时间长短与儿童视力异常有关。结论杨行社区学龄前儿童视力发育异常率较高,弱视是影响儿童视力发育的主要原因,学龄前儿童视力、眼位、屈光状态的普查应引起重视,并做好视力保健。
Objective To study the status of visual acuity and influencing factors of preschool children in Yanghang Town, Baoshan District, Shanghai, and to provide basis for their prevention and treatment. Methods The census method was used to examine the presbyopic vision and questionnaire of presbyopic children aged 3-6 in 13 kindergartens in Yanghang community with international standard vision chart. The number of screening 4465, the examination results were analyzed. Results The abnormal rate of visual acuity of preschool children in Yangxing community was 9.27% in small classes, 13.77% in middle classes and 22.36% in large classes. The prevalence of preschool children aged 3-6 years increased with age. The visual acuity of preschool children in public kindergartens Rate than the rate of private kindergarten children’s high incidence; Preschool children daily contact with electronic products, the length of time and children with vision abnormalities related. Conclusion The prevalence of visual acuity in preschool children in Yangxing community is high. Amblyopia is the main reason that affects the visual acuity of children. The prenuptial visual acuity, eye position and refractive status of census should be paid more attention and health care should be done.