喉-气管狭窄的类型有三: 1.腔内狭窄:由于炎性肉芽组织增生,损坏了气管粘膜上皮,加之水肿、出血,逐步发展成坚硬的纤维组织。 2.气管软化:气管软骨受纤维组织增生的影响,逐渐破坏、软化、甚至软骨消失,气管壁变软,吸气时管壁下陷,引起气道阻塞。 3.声带固定:或为喉返神经损伤,或为环杓关节固定,声带于吸气时不能张开。【原因】由于各种原因抢救时的插管和气管切开是引起喉-气管狭窄的主要原因,此外,局部外伤、烧伤、放疗等也可引起狭窄。在小儿还有先天性狭窄。Narcy等报告156例小儿喉-气管狭窄,先天性占40例,因插管引起的有107例。Laccoureye等报告7例由于治疗喉返 Throat - There are three types of tracheal stenosis: 1. Cavity stenosis: due to inflammatory granulation tissue proliferation, damage to the tracheal epithelium, combined with edema, bleeding, and gradually developed into a hard fibrous tissue. 2. Tracheal softening: Tracheal cartilage affected by fibrous tissue proliferation, and gradually destroyed, softened, and even cartilage disappeared, the tracheal wall becomes soft, suction tube wall subsidence, causing airway obstruction. 3. Vocal cord fixation: or for the recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, or ring cocoon joint fixed vocal cord can not be opened when breathing. 【Reason】 Due to various reasons, intubation and tracheotomy during rescuing are the main causes of laryngeal-tracheal stenosis. In addition, local trauma, burns and radiotherapy may also cause stenosis. In children there are congenital stenosis. Narcy and other reports of 156 cases of pediatric laryngeal-tracheal stenosis, congenital 40 cases, due to intubation caused by 107 cases. Laccoureye other reports of 7 cases due to treatment of throat back