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北京郊区的山地、山乡旅游业是发展首都经济,特别是京郊山区经济的支柱产业。为促其健康快速发展,通过与国际大都市郊区的生态旅游业进行对照比较,从中找出经验教训,针对当前存在的主要问题,提出改进措施是十分必要的。 一、国际大都市郊区生态旅游的发展状况 国际大都市郊区的生态旅游场所,主要有国家公园、森林公园和自然保护区。在经济发达的国家和地区发展较快。美国于1872年建立了世界第一个国家公园——黄石国家公园。随后,一些国家也相继建立了国家公园、森林公园或自然保护区。在20世纪初的两次世界大战期间,社会动荡不安,旅游业处于低潮。二战结束后,世界经济得到迅速恢复,国际大都市郊区的生态旅游业得到快速发展。
Beijing’s suburbs of mountainous, rural tourism is the development of the capital economy, especially the pillar industries in the suburbs of the mountainous areas of Beijing. In order to promote its healthy and rapid development, through comparing with the ecotourism in the suburbs of international metropolises, it is necessary to find out the experience and lessons and propose the improvement measures in light of the current main problems. I. Development of Ecotourism in the Suburbs of International Metropolitan Areas The ecotourism sites on the outskirts of international metropolises are mainly national parks, forest parks and nature reserves. In economically developed countries and regions developed rapidly. The United States in 1872 established the world’s first national park - Yellowstone National Park. Subsequently, some countries have also established national parks, forest parks or nature reserves. During the two world wars of the early twentieth century, social unrest and tourism were at a low ebb. After World War II, the world economy has been rapidly restored and ecotourism in the suburbs of international metropolises has been rapidly developed.