论文部分内容阅读
目的了解北京市朝阳区自愿婚检政策实施前、后婚前医学检查(婚检)中艾滋病、梅毒及乙型肝炎检出情况,探讨婚检率与艾滋病、梅毒及乙型肝炎检出率间的关系,在女性及新生儿艾滋病、梅毒及乙型肝炎防治方面认识婚检的必要性。方法回顾性分析2001-2016年北京市朝阳区《婚前医学检查年报表》和《疾病分类编码表》及检验科信息管理系统,采用卡方检验对自愿婚检前、后的90 807人婚检人群的艾滋病、梅毒及乙型肝炎结果进行分析。结果自2003年10月1日新《婚姻登记条例》实施后,朝阳区婚检率从2002年的97.91%下降至2004年的2.36%;自2007年朝阳区大力推行免费婚检制度以来,婚检率略有回升,达到2008年的7.3%,而后2016年又降低至5.5%。在检出的传染性疾病中,乙肝HBs Ag阳性高居首位,且男性的检出率明显高于女性,两性差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=66.612,P=0.000);梅毒在2003年前、后的检出率分别为1.4‰和0.5‰,两者差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=15.773,P=0.000)。在梅毒检测阳性人群中,女性多于男性,两性差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=5.077,P=0.025);婚检16年间共检测出HIV阳性5例,且全部为男性患者(已经确诊实验室确证)。结论在母婴艾滋病、梅毒及乙型肝炎的防治中,婚检作为预防两性和新生儿艾滋病、梅毒及乙型肝炎感染的第一道防线起到重要的作用;低婚检率造成艾滋病、梅毒及乙型肝炎疾病的大量漏检,为艾滋病、梅毒及乙型肝炎的防治埋下了安全隐患。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B in premarital medical examination (premarital) before and during the implementation of the voluntary premarital medical policy in Chaoyang District of Beijing. To explore the relationship between premarital examination rate and AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B detection rate Women and newborns AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B prevention and treatment aspects of the need for premarital examination. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the “Premarital Medical Examination Annual Report” and “Disease Classification Coding Tables” and the Information Management System of Clinical Laboratory from 2001 to 2016 in Chaoyang District of Beijing. Chi-square test was used to test the pre-marital health checkup of 90 807 premarital people AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B results were analyzed. Results Since the implementation of the new Marriage Registration Ordinance on October 1, 2003, the rate of premarital examination in Chaoyang District dropped from 97.91% in 2002 to 2.36% in 2004. Since 2007, the premarital premarital examination system in Chaoyang District has been vigorously promoted Rebounded to 7.3% in 2008 and dropped to 5.5% again in 2016. Among the detected infectious diseases, the positive rate of HBsAg in hepatitis B was the highest, and the detection rate was significantly higher in males than in females (P <0.0001) The detection rates were 1.4 ‰ and 0.5 ‰, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 15.773, P = 0.000). In the positive group of syphilis testing, there were more females than males and the difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 5.077, P = 0.025). In the 16 years of premarital examination, 5 HIV positive cases were detected and all were male Room confirmed). Conclusions Premarital checkup plays an important role in prevention of maternal-child AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B as the first line of defense against both sexes and neonatal AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B infection. The incidence of AIDS, syphilis and B A large number of missing hepatitis disease detection, AIDS prevention and treatment for syphilis and hepatitis B laid a security risk.