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一、现状与问题随着我国改革开放的深入发展,铁路建设大干快上,新建铁路逐年增加,既有铁路规模不断扩大,无疑将对我国经济发展起到积极作用。但另一方面,铁路噪声对周围环境影响的程度愈来愈受到人们的普遍关注,制订一个适用于铁路行业特点的噪声标准,是各地环保部门所期待的事情。目前,我国环境噪声标准中,有两个标准对铁路行业的噪声评价和管理有指导意义,它们分别是90年颁布的GB12525-90《铁路边界噪声限值及其测量方法》和93年颁布的GB3096-93《城市区域环境噪声标准》。这两个标准分别见表1和表2: 铁路边界噪声限值
I. Current Situation and Problems With the deepening of China’s reform and opening up, the rapid development of railway construction will bring about a year-on-year increase in the number of newly-built railways and the continuous expansion of the scale of existing railways. This will undoubtedly play a positive role in the economic development of our country. However, on the other hand, the extent of the impact of railway noise on the surrounding environment has drawn more and more people’s attention. The development of a noise standard that is applicable to the characteristics of the railway industry is what the environmental protection departments in various regions expect. At present, China’s environmental noise standards, there are two standards for the railway industry noise evaluation and management of guidance, which are promulgated in 1990, GB12525-90 “railway boundary noise limits and measurement methods” and promulgated in 1993 GB3096-93 “Urban Area Environmental Noise Standard”. The two criteria are shown in Table 1 and Table 2 respectively: Railway Boundary Noise Limits