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[目的]该研究探讨光照对分蘖期水稻根、叶界面N_2O和NO_X排放的作用及其机制。[方法]试验在水培控氮、小型光控培养箱控光和同步测定条件下,探讨了不同光质、光强及光控处理对分蘖期水稻叶际及根系-培养液体系N_2O和NO_X排放的影响。[结果](1)在相同氮源(NH4NO3-N,90 mg/L)、日间光照为6 000、8 000lx条件下,分蘖期平均水稻叶际N_2O和NO排放速率分别为27.08、32.33μg/(pot·h)和0.114、0.057μg/(pot·h),分别占N_2O和NO总排放的57.38%、58.65%和9.65%、4.52%,水稻叶际是N_2O的重要排放源;(2)在光强(1 600 lx)一致条件下,LED黄、绿、白、红、蓝光处理的平均水稻叶际N_2O排放速率分别为6.83、9.40、9.73、2.82和4.08μg/(pot·h),光X强较高的红(3 000 lx)、蓝光(2 500 lx)处理能同步抑制分蘖期水稻根、叶界面N_2O的挥发(P<0.01),LED红、白光有促进日间水稻叶际NO排放的作用,LED蓝光则有同步抑制水稻根、叶界面NO挥发的作用效果,但不同光控处理下水稻根、叶界面均无明显的NO2净排放作用;(3)0～8 000 lx范围内随着光照增强,水稻根部NO及根、叶界面N_2O排放同步增加,但高光强(6 000～8 000 lx)下水稻叶际NO排放显著大幅下降(P<0.01)。[结论]水稻根、叶界面均以N_2O挥发为主;试验供氮水平下适度控制日间光强并同步增加红光、蓝光比例的技术,能同步抑制水稻根、叶界面氮氧化物的排放。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the effect of light on N_2O and NO_X emission at the root and leaf of rice at tillering stage and its mechanism. [Method] Under the conditions of water-controlled nitrogen and small light-controlled incubator, the effects of light quality, light intensity and light control on the N_2O and NO_X Impact of emissions. [Result] The average N2O and NO emission rates at the tillering stage in the same nitrogen source (NH4NO3-N, 90 mg / L) and daytime illumination of 6 000 and 8 000 lx were 27.08 and 32.33 μg / (pot · h) and 0.114,0.057μg / (pot · h) respectively, accounting for 57.38%, 58.65% and 9.65%, 4.52% of the total N 2 O and NO respectively. ) Under the same light intensity (1 600 lx), the average N_2O emission rate of rice leaves treated with yellow, green, white, red and blue light was 6.83, 9.40, 9.73, 2.82 and 4.08 μg / (pot · h) , Red light (3 000 lx) and blue light (2 500 lx) with high light X could simultaneously inhibit the volatilization of N 2 O at the root and leaf interface at the tillering stage (P <0.01) (3) 0 ~ 8 000 in the light and light interception of rice under different light control treatments. (3) The effect of NO (superscript + In the range of lx, NO emission at the roots of rice and N_2O in the leaf and root interface increased synchronously with the increase of light intensity, but the NO emission in the rice leaf significantly decreased significantly under high light intensity (6 000-8 000 lx) (P <0.01). [Conclusion] The N_2O volatilization was dominant in the roots and leaves of rice. The technology of moderately controlling daytime light intensity and increasing the ratio of red and blue light simultaneously under nitrogen application could simultaneously inhibit the emission of nitrogen oxides at the root and leaf interface of rice .