灾难本属于负面消息,但中国的灾难报道常常会构建天灾无情、人间有爱的社会景象。雅安地震发生时,中国社会的矛盾并未消失,但在灾情严重的那段特殊时期,整个中国社会呈现出“一方有难八方支援”的美好景象。这种短暂的“乌托邦现象”是媒体有意建立起来的。媒体用轰炸式的灾情报道尽力激发民众的同情心,通过传递正能量故事增强民族自信心和凝聚力,使客观存在的其他社会矛盾被暂时忽视,全民投入抗震救灾的事业中。这种做法符合国家利益的需要,但不符合新闻客观性和全面性的要求,只是媒体按照国家意志构建的一种拟态环境,存在的时间很短,而且很容易受到负面消息的干扰。 Disasters have been negative news, but China’s disaster reports often create a calamitous and earthly social scene of love and disasters. At the time of the Ya’an earthquake, the contradictions in Chinese society did not disappear, but during the special period when the disaster was severe, the entire Chinese society showed a beautiful scene of “one side has difficulties and all walks of life support”. This short “Utopian phenomenon” was deliberately established by the media. The media used bombed disaster reports to try to inspire people’s sympathy and enhance national self-confidence and cohesion by transmitting positive energy stories so that other social conflicts that are objectively present are temporarily overlooked and all the people are engaged in the cause of earthquake relief. This is in line with the needs of the national interest but does not meet the objective of objectivity and comprehensiveness of the news. It is only a mimicry environment built by the media in accordance with the will of the state. It has a short period of time and is easily disrupted by negative news.