目的探讨小细胞肺癌(SCLC)的CT表现、分型及诊断途径。方法对58例SCLC的CT表现进行回顾性分析,16例病理对照、观察,分析SCLC的CT表现与病理关系。结果肺内肿块、肺门与纵隔淋巴结广泛肿大,是SCLC的CT表现特点,CT诊断的可靠性大约为80%,结合经皮穿刺活检可提高到90%左右。结论CT螺旋扫描结合CT导向经皮穿刺活检与纤维支气管镜肺活检是SCLC确诊的主要手段。 Objective To investigate the CT findings, classification and diagnosis of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Methods The CT findings of 58 cases of SCLC were retrospectively analyzed. Sixteen cases were pathologically controlled. The CT findings and pathological relationships of SCLC were observed and analyzed. Results The masses of the lung, the hilar and the mediastinal lymph nodes were extensively enlarged. They were characteristic features of CT in the diagnosis of SCLC. The reliability of CT diagnosis was about 80%. The percutaneous biopsy could be improved to about 90%. Conclusion CT spiral CT combined with CT-guided percutaneous biopsy and bronchofibroscopic biopsy is the main method of SCLC diagnosis.