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γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)是脊椎动物中枢神经系统中一种主要的抑制性神经介质。脑内1/3的突触以它为递质。它也是三羧酸循环中“GABA环路”的产物,在体内作为供能物质参与能量代谢。作为神经递质的GABA可在神经末梢合成,约占脑内GABA全部含量的25～30%。同其它神经介质相比,脑内GABA的含量是很高的,其浓度以微克分子/克(脑组织)计算。GABA的结构简单,但功能复杂。关于GABA能神经元的分布、功能特性、受体分类以及与安定受体的关系等方面近年来作了大量的研究。一、GABA能神经元近几年由于方法学上的改进,人们对GABA能神经元有了更多的认识。例如,Robert
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system. 1/3 of the brain synapses to it as the transmitter. It is also a product of the “GABA loop” in the tricarboxylic acid cycle and is involved in energy metabolism as a source of energy in the body. GABA, a neurotransmitter, can be synthesized at nerve endings, accounting for 25-30% of the total GABA content in the brain. The level of GABA in the brain is high compared to other neurotransmitters and its concentration is calculated as micrograms per gram (brain tissue). GABA’s structure is simple, but the function is complicated. In recent years, there has been a great deal of research on the distribution of GABAergic neurons, their functional properties, receptor classification, and their relationship to diazepam receptors. First, GABAergic neurons In recent years due to methodological improvements, people have more understanding of GABAergic neurons. For example, Robert