引言就经济学的意义而言,全球化本质上是国家和地方市场经整合而进入一个单一的全球市场的过程。这里所说的市场不仅包括商品和服务市场,而且包括资本市场、技术市场,以及———在更为有限的程度上———劳动力市场。伴随交通、通讯和信息技术的迅速发展,地方市场被日益整合而 Introduction In the economic sense, globalization is essentially a process of integration of national and local markets into a single global marketplace. The markets mentioned here include not only markets for goods and services, but also capital markets, technology markets, and, to a limited extent, the labor market. With the rapid development of transportation, communication and information technology, the local market is increasingly integrated