论文部分内容阅读
目的分析宁夏地区尘肺病的流行病学特征,为制定科学、合理、有针对性的尘肺病防治措施提供理论依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统,收集整理宁夏地区2006—2014年期间的尘肺病例,用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。结果 2006—2014年宁夏地区尘肺病患者共1 653例,其中新发病例1 197例,晋期病例456例;男性1 644例,女性9例;尘肺病例的发病年龄中位数为49.0岁,患者接尘工龄中位数为21.0 a;病例主要分布在煤炭开采和洗选业。不同行业工人尘肺的发病工龄和发病年龄中位数的差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=87.883和χ~2=57.089,均P<0.01),不同尘肺期别晋期年限的差异有统计学意义(χ~2=51.792,P<0.05),各诊断年份之间尘肺的发病工龄和发病年龄中位数的差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=60.778和χ~2=35.546,均P<0.01)。结论根据尘肺病的流行病学特征,应重视和加强煤炭开采和洗选业,特别是49岁左右男性工人的职业健康监护工作,早发现、早诊断、早治疗,加强作业场所防尘的治理,防止尘肺病的年轻化趋势。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Ningxia and to provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of a scientific, rational and targeted pneumoconiosis prevention and treatment measures. Methods The pneumoconiosis cases from 2006 to 2014 in Ningxia were collected and analyzed through China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The data were analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software. Results A total of 1 653 pneumoconiosis patients were recruited from Ningxia in 2006 to 2014, of which 1 197 cases were new cases and 456 cases were Jin cases. There were 1 644 males and 9 females. The median age at onset of pneumoconiosis was 49.0 years, The median age of patients receiving dust was 21.0 a; cases were mainly found in the coal mining and washing industry. The difference between the workers’ occupational pneumoconiosis and the median age at onset was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 87.883 and χ ~ 2 = 57.089, both P <0.01) (Χ ~ 2 = 51.792, P <0.05). There was significant difference in the age of onset and the median age at onset of pneumoconiosis between years of diagnosis (χ ~ 2 = 60.778 and χ ~ 2 = 35.546, both P <0.01). Conclusion According to the epidemiological characteristics of pneumoconiosis, attention should be paid to and strengthening of the coal mining and dressing industry, especially for the occupational health monitoring work of 49-year-old male workers, early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment and to strengthen the dust control in the workplace , To prevent the younger trend of pneumoconiosis.