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婴儿是人生的起点 ,它的健康状况对整个生命过程有着重要的影响 ,其保健工作受到国内外学者的普遍关注〔1〕。目前公认的评价婴儿健康状况的指标是婴儿死亡率 (ｉｎｆａｎｔｍａｒｔａｌｉｔｙｒａｔｅ ,ＩＭＲ) 〔2〕,但它有如下缺点 :受出生率变化的影响而波动 ;受年龄构成的
Babies are the starting point of life, and its health status has an important impact on the entire life process. Its health care has received widespread attention from domestic and foreign scholars [1]. The currently accepted indicator for assessing the health of infants is the infant mortality rate (IMR) [2], but it has the following disadvantages: it fluctuates due to changes in the birth rate; it is composed of ages.