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以临高县滨海台地5种典型森林植被为研究对象,利用标准地调查法对不同森林类型土壤理化性质特征进行分析研究,结果表明:土壤总孔隙度木麻黄林最大(46.168%),桉树林最小(39.46%)。土壤毛管孔隙度马占相思林最大(22.57%),次生林最小(18.95%)。土壤含水率木麻黄林最高,平均达到27.85%,而次生林含水率最小,平均为4.34%。土壤pH在4.81~6.59之间,相思林、木麻黄林和桉树林均呈极强酸性(pH4.5~5.5)土壤,次生林和椰子林呈弱酸性土壤。土壤有机质含量则在0.34~28.68 g/kg之间,有机质含量的排序为马占相思林>木麻黄林>桉树林>次生林>椰子林,且随着土壤深度的增加土壤有机质呈递减趋势。全氮含量在0.10~1.63 g/kg之间,马占相思林土壤全氮含量最高,椰子林最小;全磷含量在0.21~1.74 g/kg之间,桉树林全磷含量最高;全钾含量在0.16~2.15 g/kg之间,马占相思林含量最高。有效磷含量在0.98~132.46 mg/kg之间,次生林有效磷含量最高;速效钾含量在3.03~27.35 mg/kg之间,椰子林速效钾含量最高。铵态氮含量在1.38~5.15 mg/kg之间,硝态氮含量0.56~3.51 mg/kg之间,其中马占相思林硝态氮(平均2.29 mg/kg)和铵态氮含量(平均3.93 mg/kg)最高。同一森林类型,随着土壤深度的增加,硝态氮和铵态氮含量总体也呈递减趋势。
The five representative forest vegetation of coastal plateau in Lingao County were selected as the research object. The physical and chemical properties of different forest types were studied by standard survey method. The results showed that the total porosity of the plantation was the highest (46.168%), The smallest (39.46%). The capillary porosity of soil was the largest (22.57%) and the second (18.95%) was the secondary forest. The water content of Casuarina equisetifolia was the highest, with an average of 27.85%, while the water content of secondary forest was the lowest with an average of 4.34%. Soil pH ranged from 4.81 to 6.59. Acacia forest, Casuarina equisetifolia forest and Eucalyptus forest all showed extremely acidic (pH 4.5 ~ 5.5) soil, and secondary forest and coconut forest were weakly acidic soil. Soil organic matter content ranged from 0.34 to 28.68 g / kg. The order of organic matter content was Acacia mangium, Casuarina equisetifolia, Eucalyptus forest> secondary forest> Coconut palms. Soil organic matter showed a decreasing trend with soil depth increasing. Total nitrogen content was between 0.10 and 1.63 g / kg, and the content of total nitrogen and coconut plantation in Acacia mangium forest was the lowest. The content of total phosphorus was between 0.21 and 1.74 g / kg, and the content of total phosphorus in eucalyptus forest was 0.16 ~ 2.15 g / kg, the highest content of Acacia mangium. The content of available phosphorus was between 0.98-132.46 mg / kg, the content of available phosphorus in secondary forest was the highest, the content of available potassium was between 3.03-27.35 mg / kg, and the content of available potassium in coconut forest was the highest. The content of ammonium nitrogen was between 1.38 and 5.15 mg / kg and the nitrate nitrogen content was between 0.56 and 3.51 mg / kg, among which, the contents of nitrate nitrogen (average 2.29 mg / kg) and ammonium nitrogen (average 3.93 mg / kg) highest. With the same forest type, with the increase of soil depth, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen also showed a decreasing trend overall.