乌托邦化的形象建构具有“社会颠覆功能”。它质疑本国现有的秩序,向往与本国完全不同的乐园般的社会模本。对异国文明的肯定与追求,对本国现实的否定与厌恶是这类形象的特征。构筑和利用他国形象是文学反映现实的一种表达,也是作家欲望的投射。19世纪俄国文学中的中国形象呈现意识形态化的同时仍存在培育乌托邦化的土壤,作家们用离心的、向往异国的话语传达了对自己国家的不满态度和反对立场。主要以两种类型存在于世纪始末。 Utopian image construction has “social subversion function”. It questioned the current order in its own country and aspired to paradise-like social models that were totally different from their own. The affirmation and pursuit of exotic civilizations and the negation and misogyny of their own reality are the characteristics of such images. To build and use the image of other countries is an expression of the reality of literature reflected by the writer’s desire projection. While the Chinese image in Russian literature in the 19th century was ideologically oriented, there was still soil for nurturing utopianism. Writers expressed their dissatisfaction and opposition to their own country with their centrifugal and longing for exotic languages. There are two main types of existence in the beginning and the end of the century.