作为世界上最早建立全民医疗保障的国家,英国一直致力于其医疗服务系统(NHS)公平性与福利性的构建,不断进行发展与完善。文章重点关注本世纪以来NHS的改革历程,研究影响其改革成效的深层次制约性因素,同时对照我国2006年启动新医疗改革后国内卫生医疗服务体系的现状,提出其对我国新医改的启示。 As the first country in the world to establish universal medical security, the United Kingdom has been committed to the development and improvement of the fairness and welfare of its health care system (NHS). This article focuses on the NHS reform process since the beginning of this century, studies the deep-seated restrictive factors that affect the effectiveness of the reform, and puts forward its enlightenment to the new medical reform in our country in light of the status quo of the domestic medical and health service system after China started the new medical reform in 2006.