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目的探讨乳腺癌微小钙化X线表现特征及病理基础,加深对乳腺癌X线特征的认识。方法对186例X线显示微小钙化乳腺癌进行研究。根据X线显示钙化部位指导病理取材,将X线表现与病理表现一一对照。进行病理分型,观察各型的微小钙化大小、密度、形态、分布及腺体改变,对其间的差别进行χ~2检验。结果非浸润癌、早期浸润癌、浸润性非特殊性癌微小钙化的病理基础为多个癌性腺体内细胞坏死、退变,钙化“沙粒体”聚集。浸润性非特殊性癌间质内及癌组织腺管壁也见钙化。各型X线表现以小针尖状、条状低密度钙化为主,钙化合并腺体异常非浸润癌与早期浸润性癌低于浸润性非特殊性癌,具有统计学差异(P<0.05)。钙化的分布为细线状、簇状、不规则状,各类型的分布无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论乳腺癌微小钙化灶对诊断具有特征性,与病理改变密切相关,理解微小钙化的病理特点,对准确诊断具有重要的意义。
Objective To investigate the microscopic calcification of breast cancer and pathological features of the basis to deepen the understanding of the characteristics of breast X-ray. Methods 186 cases of X-ray microcalcification breast cancer were studied. According to the X-ray showed calcification site guide pathological material, the X-ray performance and pathological performance of control. Pathological classification was performed to observe the size, density, morphology, distribution and glandular changes of various types of small calcifications, and to test the difference between them. Results The pathological basis of non-invasive carcinoma, early invasive carcinoma and infiltrative non-specific micro-calcification was the accumulation of necrotic, degenerated and calcified “sand body” in many cancerous glands. Invasive non-specific interstitial and carcinoma of the gland wall also see calcification. Each type of X-ray showed small needle-like, low-density calcification of calcification, calcification with abnormal glandular non-invasive carcinoma and early invasive carcinoma was lower than that of invasive non-specific carcinoma with statistical difference (P <0.05). The distribution of calcification was fine line, tufted, irregular, with no significant difference in the distribution of various types (P> 0.05). Conclusion The small calcification of breast cancer has the characteristic of diagnosis and is closely related to the pathological changes. Understanding the pathological features of microcalcifications is of great significance for accurate diagnosis.