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应用纤维支气管镜（FB）检查86例支气管结核和167例中型肺癌。结果，FB下察见管壁是新生物，肉芽肿，干酪坏死及管腔堵塞，结核组分别占10．46％，20．93％，16．27％和13．95％，肺癌组分别占54．49％，4．79％，0．59％和44．91％，两组差异有显著意义（P＜0．01）。双侧支气管或同侧2支和3支支气管受累病例，结核组占46．51％，而肺癌组仅占5．98％，这对鉴别诊断有较大意义。镜下为充血肿胀的肺癌病例，发现经FB取材其病理阳性率仅有31．18％。支气管结核的病理阳性率仅有15．0％，值得进一步探讨。
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FB) was used to examine 86 cases of bronchial tuberculosis and 167 cases of medium-sized lung cancer. As a result, the wall of the FB was observed to be neoplasm, granuloma, cheese necrosis, and clogged lumen. The tuberculosis group accounted for 10.46%, 20.93%, 16.27%, and 13.95%, respectively, and the lung cancer group accounted for 54.49%, 4.79%, 0.59% and 44.91%, the difference between the two groups was significant (P <0.01). Bilateral bronchus or ipsilateral two and three bronchial involvement cases, tuberculosis group accounted for 46.51%, while the lung cancer group accounted for only 5.98%, which is of great significance for differential diagnosis. Microscopically, it was a case of congested and swollen lung cancer. It was found that the pathological positive rate of FB-derived material was only 31.18%. The pathological positive rate of bronchial tuberculosis was only 15.0%, which warrants further investigation.