一引言本文写作之目的在于探讨清末地方社会组织特别是民间的慈善团体和福利机构，与政治参与及政治权力之间的关系。近代中国在工业化、商业化及国际化的过程中，出现了不少以工商业及外贸为地方经济支柱的新兴城市。伴随着社会经济的转型，地方政治及社会之菁英阶级也随着此 I. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this essay is to explore the relationship between local social organizations at the end of Qing Dynasty, especially non-governmental charities and welfare agencies, and political participation and political power. In the process of industrialization, commercialization and internationalization in modern China, quite a few emerging cities emerged as the pillar of the local economy in terms of industry, commerce and foreign trade. With the social and economic transformation, the local political and social elites also follow this