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目的探讨血管内皮生长因子（ＶＥＧＦ）在鼻咽癌中的表达及其与病理、临床各因素之间的关系。方法利用免疫组化ＳＰ方法检测１０例鼻咽正常粘膜、１６例鼻息肉及５６例鼻咽鳞癌石蜡标本中ＶＥＧＦ的表达，用Ⅷ因子相关抗原显示肿瘤内的微血管数。结果鼻咽正常粘膜中ＶＥＧＦ均为阴性；１６例鼻息肉中有２例粘膜层呈ＶＥＧＦ阳性表达；鼻咽癌中ＶＥＧＦ表达阳性率为７１．４％（４０／５６）。ＶＥＧＦ阳性组血管密度明显高于ＶＥＧＦ阴性组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＶＥＧＦ的表达也与放疗后局部复发、远地转移及预后差有关，但与肿瘤的组织学分级及临床分期无关。结论ＶＥＧＦ表达与肿瘤血管生成有关，也是预测鼻咽癌复发、远地转移以及预后差的有用指标。
Objective To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its relationship with pathology and clinical factors. Methods Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of VEGF in 10 normal nasopharyngeal mucosa, 16 nasal polyps and 56 paraffin-embedded specimens of nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The number of microvessels in the tumor was detected by Ⅷ factor-related antigen. Results The VEGF in the normal nasopharyngeal mucosa was negative. In the 16 cases of nasal polyps, VEGF in the mucosa was positive in 2 cases. The positive rate of VEGF in nasopharyngeal carcinoma was 71.4% (40/56). The vascular density in VEGF-positive group was significantly higher than that in VEGF-negative group (P <0.05). The expression of VEGF was also related to the local recurrence, distant metastasis and poor prognosis after radiotherapy, but not with histological grade and clinical stage. Conclusion The expression of VEGF is related to tumor angiogenesis, which is also a useful indicator of recurrence, distant metastasis and poor prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.