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水资源是无可替代的基础性自然资源和战略性经济资源,也是生态环境的控制性因素之一。实行最严格的水资源管理,确保其资源功能、环境功能、生态功能的正常发挥,意义重大。传统的水权系指人类对水资源的占有、使用、收益和处置等权利。也就是说,传统的水权体系和理论,所反映的是“以人为中心”的价值观,在这一价值观指导下,人类很少顾及河流的权利与健康,对河流往往过度甚至掠夺性地开发利用,以致超过河流的承载能力,于是出现了河道萎缩断流、湖泊侵占消失、水质污染加剧、生态环境恶化等
Water resources are irreplaceable basic natural resources and strategic economic resources, but also one of the controlling factors of the ecological environment. The implementation of the most stringent water resources management to ensure the normal functioning of its resource functions, environmental functions and ecological functions is of great significance. Traditional water rights refers to human rights to the possession, use, profitability and disposal of water resources. In other words, the traditional water rights system and theory reflect the values of “people-centered ”. Under the guidance of this value, human beings rarely pay attention to the rights and health of rivers and often predatory or even predatory rivers Development and utilization of land so as to exceed the carrying capacity of the river, so there has been a decline of rivers and streams, the disappearance of lakes, water pollution, aggravating ecological environment, etc.