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目的探讨谷氨酰胺(glutamine,Gln)对冷束缚应激(cold restrain stress,CRS)状态下大鼠小肠黏膜细胞凋亡及增殖的影响及其机制。方法选取出生80～100天的SD大鼠为实验动物,随机分为正常对照组(N组)、冷束缚应激组(S组)和谷氨酰胺组(G组)。S组和G组按应激后检测时间又分为2h、4h、8h、12h、24h组,G组在应激后给予静脉滴注Gln。分别检测各组血Gln浓度,小肠黏膜细胞凋亡情况,bcl-2以及PCNA的表达情况,显微镜下观察小肠黏膜组织结构的变化。结果S组和G组大鼠其Gln浓度随时间变化呈逐渐降低的趋势,至24h左右接近于正常组;而其小肠黏膜细胞凋亡率呈逐渐升高的趋势,至4h左右达到高峰,24h左右恢复正常。而G组和S组比较所有时段组的细胞凋亡率均有所下降;G组中bcl-2表达略高于S组,与N组接近,而PCNA表达情况3组比较无明显变化。结论补充Gln可以抑制应激所导致的肠黏膜细胞凋亡,而在短期内对其增殖的影响不明显,从而防治肠屏障功能紊乱及由此而导致的严重并发症。
Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of glutamine (Gln) on apoptosis and proliferation of rat intestinal mucosa under cold restrain stress (CRS). Methods SD rats 80 to 100 days old were selected as experimental animals and randomly divided into normal control group (N group), cold restraint stress group (S group) and glutamine group (G group). S group and G group were divided into 2h, 4h, 8h, 12h and 24h groups according to the time after stress test. G group was given intravenous drip Gln after stress. The concentration of Gln, the apoptosis of intestinal mucosa, the expression of bcl-2 and PCNA in each group were detected, and the changes of intestinal mucosa tissue were observed under microscope. Results The concentration of Gin in S group and G group decreased gradually with time, and close to the normal group at 24h, while the apoptosis rate of small intestinal mucosa showed a gradually increasing trend, reaching the peak at 4h So back to normal. However, the apoptotic rates of G group and S group decreased at all time points. The expression of bcl-2 in G group was slightly higher than that in S group, which was similar to N group. However, the expression of PCNA did not change significantly in the three groups. Conclusion Supplementation of Gln can inhibit the apoptosis of intestinal mucosal cells induced by stress, while its effect on proliferation in the short term is insignificant, thus preventing and treating gut barrier dysfunction and the serious complications.