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位点特异性重组系统已经成为基因组操作的强有力工具.来自链霉菌噬菌体φC31的整合酶是丝氨酸重组酶家族的一员,可催化2个不同的识别位点attB和attP间发生有效的单向性重组.总结了φC31整合酶可能的重组机制以及在人类细胞、小鼠胚胎干细胞、果蝇和植物等真核生物基因组操作上的应用,并对该系统的优点和存在问题进行了分析.φC31整合酶系统有望成为高等生物基因功能分析、转基因标记删除、生物合成等研究领域最强有力的手段之一,为此也简要介绍了家蚕个体水平上φC31整合酶介导的盒式交换的研究进展,期望能为家蚕基因组的操作技术研究提供一些借鉴.“,”Site-specific recombination systems are powerful tools for genome manipulation.The integrase from Streptomyces phage φC31 is a member of serine recombinase family and is able to catalyze efficient and irreversible integration between two heterotypic recognition sites attB and attP.This paper reviews the possible mechanisms by which φC31 integrase mediates irreversible recombination and the application of φC31 integrase system in genome manipulation in different higher eukaryotes,including human cells,mouse embryonic stem cells,Drosophila,and plants.The advantages and disadvantages of this integrase system are also analyzed in this review.Based on the results,it is believed that this integrase system has the potential to become one of the most powerful tools for the analysis of unknown functional genes,transgenic marker excision,biosynthesis,etc.in higher organisms.In addition,the progress on φC31 integrase-mediated cassette exchange in individuals of silkworm(Bombyx mori),which is gradually becoming a model organism of Lepidoptera insects,is referred in this paper to provide a reference for the research of operational technology in silkworm genome.