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1.前言 火灾发生后,火调人员在火灾现场勘查和分析,千方百计要获取各种火灾痕迹物证,目的就是要证明火灾的发生时间、起火位置、火灾蔓延的方式和路线、火灾原因和责任等。多数火灾现场中的痕迹物证宏观上就具备了上述的证明作用,但是,有些痕迹物证在外观上用肉眼不能看出它的证明作用,而这往往又是重要的,对火灾原因和责任的认定起决定作用。火调人员会借助科学的手段,通过微观的方法来找到这些痕迹物证在火灾现场中的证明作用,其中,化学分析就是一种有效的手段。本文就火灾现场中的微量油品、特殊物质和混凝土等痕迹物证的化学分析及其在火灾原因鉴定中的应用进行了讨论。
1. Foreword After the fire, fire investigators at the scene of the fire investigation and analysis, do everything possible to obtain evidence of various fire signs, the purpose is to prove the time of the fire, the fire location, the way and route of fire spread, the causes of fire and responsibilities . Most of the evidence on the scene of the fire on the scene with the above proof of the above, but some of the evidence in appearance with the naked eye can not see its proof, and this is often important, the cause of the fire and the determination of responsibility Play a decisive role. Fire investigators will use scientific methods to find out the evidence of these trace evidences in the fire scene through the microscopic method. Among them, chemical analysis is an effective measure. This paper discusses the chemical analysis of traces of evidence, such as traces of oil, special substances and concrete in fire scene and its application in the identification of fire causes.