20世纪60年代初,美国总统肯尼迪在就职演说中向全世界作出承诺:对于长期的盟友,我们誓将保持挚友的忠诚;对于加入自由阵营的新国家,我们作出这样的承诺:殖民主义的结束,不会由更恶劣的铁腕独裁所取代;对于仍住在草棚和村落的为摆脱苦难而挣扎的那半个世界的人们,我们将尽最大努力保证他们自救。为了这些承诺,美国付出了沉重的代价,世界也付出了沉重的代价。美国著名传记作家德博拉沙普利的传记力作 In the early 1960s, U.S. President Kennedy promised the world in his inauguration speech: We will vow to keep our loyal friends for long-time allies; and for new countries that join the free camp, we will make the commitment that the end of colonialism , Will not be replaced by even worse iron fist dictatorships; and for those still living in that hut and in the half-world struggling to escape from misery, we will do our utmost to ensure their self-help. For these promises, the United States has paid a heavy price and the world has paid a heavy price. Biography of Deborah Shapley, a famous American biographer