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测定２０９例肾透析患者血液中ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ和ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ，阳性率ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ为２．４％、ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ为１６．３％；７６例肾移植后患者阳性率ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ为２．６％、ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ为２３．７％；对照组阳性率ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ为１．８％、ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ为２．０％。ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性率在各组间无显著差异，Ｐ＞０．０５；血液透析组和肾移植组ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性率高于对照组，且有显著性差异Ｐ＜０．０１；肾移植组高于肾透析组，但无显著性差异，Ｐ＞０．０５。ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ阳性合并ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性为４２．９％（３／７）。５２例ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ阳性患者基因分型为Ⅱ型７６．９％、ⅡⅢ型１１．５％、Ⅲ型１１．５％。介于目前的状况，对献血检测，对阳性患者进行ＨＢＶ－ＤＮＡ、ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ检测，对阳性患者实行分机透析，是降低血透及肾移植患者乙、丙型肝炎病毒医院感染的关键。
HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA in 209 renal dialysis patients were determined. The positive rate of HBV-DNA was 2.4% and HCV-RNA was 16.3%. The positive rate of HBV-DNA in 76 patients after renal transplantation was 2. 6%, HCV-RNA was 23.7%; The positive rate of HBV-DNA in control group was 1.8% and that of HCV-RNA was 2.0%. The positive rate of HBV-DNA in each group had no significant difference (P> 0.05). The positive rate of HCV-RNA in hemodialysis group and renal transplantation group was higher than that in control group, and there was a significant difference P <0.01; Higher than renal dialysis group, but no significant difference, P> 0.05. Positive HBV-DNA combined with HCV-RNA was 42.9% (3/7). Genotypes of 52 HCV-RNA positive patients were type II 76.9%, type II III 11.5% and type III 11.5%. In the current situation, blood donation testing, positive HBV-DNA and HCV-RNA testing in positive patients and extension dialysis in positive patients are the key to reducing hospital infection of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C virus in hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients.