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目的探讨新生儿颅脑损伤与新生儿窒息的相互关系。方法2004-12—2005-05江西省妇幼保健院对196例新生儿进行颅脑B超探查,并结合临床资料对其结果进行对比分析。结果196例新生儿中共有脑损伤73例,其中早产儿为54例,占早产儿的60%(54/90),足月儿脑损伤为19例,占足月儿的17·92%(19/106),低体重儿脑损伤47例,占低体重儿的56%(47/84),正常体重儿脑损伤为26例,占正常体重儿的23·2%(26/112)。早产儿、低体重儿颅脑损伤发生率分别较足月儿、正常体重儿明显升高,且有显著差异(P<0·01,P<0·05)。早产儿、低体重儿颅脑损伤在对照组与窒息组间无统计学意义(P>0·05),而足月儿、正常体重儿、剖宫产儿颅脑损伤在对照组、窒息组间存在显著差别(P<0·05)。结论新生儿窒息是引起足月儿、正常体重儿、剖宫产儿颅脑损伤的主要因素之一;早产儿、低体重儿脑损伤发生率明显高于足月儿、正常体重儿;减少早产儿、低体重儿的出生,可有效降低新生儿颅脑损伤的发生率;颅脑B超可作为新生儿早期颅脑损伤的诊断、筛查、跟踪随访的重要检查手段之一。
Objective To explore the relationship between neonatal brain injury and neonatal asphyxia. Methods From 2004 to 2005, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital of 196 cases of newborns brain ultrasound B, combined with clinical data on the results of comparative analysis. Results There were 73 brain injury cases in 196 newborns, of which 54 were premature infants, accounting for 60% (54/90) of premature infants and 19 of 29 infants with term infants, accounting for 17.92% of full-term infants 47 of 96 children with low birth weight, accounting for 56% (47/84) of the children with low birth weight and 26 with normal weight (23.2% of the normal weight children) (26/112). The incidence of traumatic brain injury in preterm infants and low birth weight children were significantly higher than those in full-term infants and normal infants, respectively (P <0.01 or P <0.05). Premature children, low birth weight children with head injury in the control group and asphyxia group was not statistically significant (P> 0.05), while full-term children, normal weight children, cesarean section traumatic brain injury in the control group, asphyxia group There was a significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion Neonatal asphyxia is one of the main factors that cause full-term infants, normal-weight infants and cesarean children with traumatic brain injury. The incidence of brain injury in premature infants and low birth weight children is significantly higher than that of full-term infants and normal weight infants. Children and low birth weight children can effectively reduce the incidence of neonatal brain injury; brain B ultrasound can be used as early neonatal brain injury diagnosis, screening, follow-up one of the important means of inspection.