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五百罗汉信仰兴起于晚唐五代时期浙江天台山,伴随出现相关绘画和雕塑活动。南宋江阴军乾明院五百罗汉尊号的出现,促使名像合一的五百罗汉图像体系形成。在南宋都城杭州创建的净慈寺五百罗汉堂,以田字殿结构体现罗汉救世思想,成为后世营造典范。清代中期以来,因乾隆皇帝倡导,一度衰歇的罗汉堂再度兴盛,除京畿地区敕修殿堂外,更多见于长江流域及以南地区,与其地禅宗兴盛的背景不无关系。现存清代四大罗汉堂分别存在于禅宗、律宗和汉藏融合的佛教寺院。罗汉殿堂皆位居寺院中轴线一侧,建筑结构继承净慈寺田字殿式样,图像布局具有高度一致性。堂内雕塑以佛像为主尊,五百罗汉以环绕方式逐层排列。诸菩萨、神僧与护法像等大多位居田字殿中轴线上,与五百罗汉像组合配置,在强调罗汉住世、传法、救济众生的同时,也表述了菩萨下化众生、禅宗祖师传灯、神僧信仰,以及往生净土和成就法身等多种思想观念。灵山一会、天台山祝颂等题额楹联,反映了佛教徒再造五百罗汉道场的意图。
Five hundred arhats belief in the rise of the late Tang and Five Dynasties Zhejiang Tiantai Mountain, accompanied by the emergence of related painting and sculpture activities. The emergence of the 500 Arhats in Jiangyin Military Academy in the Southern Song Dynasty led to the formation of the image system of 500 Arhats, which is a one-of-a-kind image. In the southern capital city of Hangzhou created the net Ci Temple five hundred Rohan Hall, temple structure to reflect the idea of saving the world to become future generations to create a model. Since the middle of the Qing Dynasty, due to the advocacy of the Emperor Qianlong, the once-hanged Rohan Hall thrived again. Apart from the Temple of Heavenly Sovereignty in Gyeonggi Province, it was found in the Yangtze River valley and in the south of the country. It was not unrelated to the background of Zen Buddhism. The four existing Han dynasties in the Qing Dynasty existed in Buddhist monasteries of Zen Buddhism, Lutheran and Hanzang, respectively. Lohan temples are all located in the central axis of the temple, the building inherits the net Ci Temple Temple Temple style, image layout with a high degree of consistency. Buddha statues in the hall to the main statue, five hundred Lohan arranged in layers around the way. Most of the Bodhisattvas, monks, and Dharma-like temples are located on the axis of the Habitat Temple. They are arranged with 500 arhats as they emphasize Arhats, the Dharma, and the relief of sentient beings. , Belief in the gods and monks, as well as a variety of ideas such as the Pure Land and the body of accomplishments. Mountain for a while, Tiantai Mountain Ode to the title couplets, reflecting the intention of Buddhists to reconstruct five hundred Lohan temple.