今年三套全国卷中的语法填空和短文改错共有十道题考查词性转换,可见词性转换是高考的必考点之一。解答这类题的关键就是熟练掌握词性与成分之间的关系。
在英语中,不同的词性所做的成分往往不同。比如,下列例句中的划线词的意思都是“成功”,但是由于所做的成分不同,使用的词性也不同。
词性与成分之间的关系是中英文的一大不同之处。下面结合今年的高考题讲讲最常考的三种词性:形容词、副词和名词。
1. 形容詞主要做定语和表语。
定语通常修饰名词,而表语则位于系动词之后。系动词中最常见的是be, 此外,常用的还有look, sound, feel, smell, taste, keep, stay, remain, become, get, turn等。
2. 副词通常做状语。
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
3. 名词主要做主语和宾语。
现在我们来看看今年全国卷中的语法填空和短文改错是如何考查这三种词性的:
1.(全国Ⅲ卷)They also shared with us many__________(tradition)stories.
2.(全国Ⅲ卷)What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one.
3.(全国Ⅱ卷)We are so proud of her. It’s__________(wonder).
4.(全国Ⅱ卷)First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly.
5.(全国Ⅰ卷)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been__________(poor)studied.
6.(全国Ⅱ卷)Her years of hard work have__________(final)been acknowledged.
7.(全国Ⅲ卷)They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were__________(huge)popular with tourists.
8.(全国Ⅲ卷)When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting __________(compete)to watch.
9.(全国Ⅰ卷)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a__________(believe)that populations are increasing.
10.(全国Ⅰ卷)To everyone’s surprising, the ball went into the net.
1. She is determined to carry on with her _______________ (educate).
2. This switch has decreased _____________(pollute)in the country’s major lakes.
3. The river was so polluted that it ______________(actual)caught fire and burned.
4. The crowd of strangers ______________(sudden)became friendly to one another.
5. ______________(lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day.
6. My legs become _____________(pain).
7. She was _______________ (surprise)helpful.
8. One of the __________(effect)ways to build vocabulary is to read good books.
9. He has ruined his healthy.
10. I’m terrible sorry that I won’t be able to come this time.
11. Try to remain quiet and calmly.
12. This made for the grow in the porcelain industry.
答案:1. education 2. pollution 3. actually 4. suddenly 5. Luckily 6. painful 7. surprisingly 8. effective 9. healthy—health