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为了分析和探讨海拔对植物多样性的影响,沿海拔梯度(1600–2600m),设定14个样地,对每个样地内对植物物种进行调查。结果表明:随海拔升高,群落优势种变化依次为:辽东栎、油松、白桦、红桦、华北落叶松和云杉。群落内乔木树种的平均树高和胸径表现为先增大后减小,最大树高和胸径表现为单峰变化。群落内不同生活型树种(针叶树和阔叶树)的最大树高表现为先增大后减小.阔叶树最大胸径无明显变化规律,针叶树最大胸径不断减小。中海拔群落内,针叶树种的最大树高和胸径高于阔叶树种。群落的Shannon-wiener指数和Margalef指数均表现为单峰变化,中海拔群落(1900–2200m)植物多样性最高,高于低海拔群落(1600–1900m)和高海拔群落(2200–2600m)。Shannon-wiener指数和Margalef指数反映出的植物α多样性变化与海拔高度显著相关。在研究地区,植物多样性变化与群落所处的海拔显著相关,此外,还与群落结构、物种组成、树种特性和人为干扰有关。图8表3参13。
In order to analyze and discuss the effects of altitude on plant diversity, 14 sampling plots were set up along the altitude gradient (1600-2600m), and plant species in each plot were investigated. The results showed that with the elevation increasing, the dominant species in the community were as follows: Quercus liaotungensis, Pinus tabulaeformis, Betula platyphylla, Betula platyphylla, Larix principis-rupprechtii and Spruce. The average tree height and DBH of tree species in the community firstly increased and then decreased, and the maximum tree height and DBH showed single peak changes. The maximum tree height of different living species (conifers and broad-leaved trees) in the community firstly increased and then decreased, while the maximum DBH of broad-leaved trees did not change obviously, and the maximum DBH of conifer decreased continuously. In mid-elevation communities, the maximum tree height and DBH of conifer species were higher than those of broadleaf species. The Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index of the community showed a single peak change. The plant diversity of middle-altitude communities (1900-2200m) was the highest, higher than that of low-altitude communities (1600-1900m) and high-altitude communities (2200-2600m). The Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index showed a significant correlation between plant α diversity and altitude. In the study area, the change of plant diversity is significantly related to the elevation at which the community is located. In addition, it is also related to the community structure, species composition, tree species characteristics and human disturbance. Figure 8 Table 3 Reference 13.