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1935年10月红一方面军率先到达陕北吴起镇,胜利完成震惊中外的长征。1936年10月,红二方面军和红四方面军与红一方面军在甘肃会宁会师,红军三大主力的胜利会师,宣告中国工农红军长征的全部胜利完成,标志着为中国革命大本营奠基西北。此后不久,中共中央指示红四方面军部分部队西渡黄河,组建西路军,意在远征新疆,打通与苏联的国际交通线。但由于总总原因,虽然也曾歼敌众多,但1937年4月西路军兵败河西走廊。本文主要回顾红西路军的发展历程,并分析其失败原因及历史意义。
In October 1935, the first front of the Red Army arrived at Wuqi Town in northern Shaanxi, triumphing to complete the long march shocked both at home and abroad. In October 1936, the victory of the Red Army and the Red Fourth Army together with the Red Army First Army in Huining, Gansu Province, and the victory of the three main forces of the Red Army, announced the completion of the victory of the Long March of the Chinese Workers ’and Peasants’ Red Army, marking the foundation of the northwest China’s revolutionary base camp. Shortly afterwards, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China instructed some Red Fourth Army troops to cross the Yellow River to the West and set up the West Route Army with the intention of expeditioning Xinjiang and opening up international traffic lines with the Soviet Union. However, due to the general reason, although it also wiped out a large number of enemies, the Western Route Army defeated the Hexi corridor in April 1937. This article mainly reviews the history of the Red Route Army and analyzes its causes and historical significance.