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中国经济改革历来为人们所称道,本文从效率与公平的角度出发,对中国经济改革做了一个概述性的分析。本文先根据经济改革的时代背景,认为改革与其说是明智的选择,倒不如说是势在必行的唯一出路。本文进一步分析了针对中国奇迹的诸多经济学解释,认为中国的高储蓄率以及改革带来的制度变迁或许可以解释中国经济增长的全部。接下来本文以工资水平为切入点,对改革过程中由于偏重效率导致的有损公平做了较为细致的讨论,并指出这可能影响中国经济发展的可持续性。最后本文认为,未来经济的发展应更加注重公平,关注民生问题,促使中国经济健康持续的发展。
China’s economic reform has always been praised by people. This article gives an overview of China’s economic reform from the perspective of efficiency and fairness. Based on the background of the economic reform, this paper first considers that reform is not the wise choice but the only way out of necessity. This article further analyzes many economic explanations for the miracle of China and argues that China’s high savings rate and institutional changes brought by the reforms may explain all of China’s economic growth. In the following, the paper starts from the wage level and discusses in detail the devaluation and fairness caused by the emphasis on efficiency in the reform process. It points out that this may affect the sustainability of China’s economic development. Finally, this paper argues that the future economic development should pay more attention to fairness, focus on people’s livelihood issues, and promote the healthy and sustained development of China’s economy.