流行性感冒(Influenza,简称流感)是由流感病毒感染引起的具有高度传染性的急性呼吸道疾病。由于流感病毒的自然感染率高和抗原性的高度变异,使流感每年重复出现,甚至发生大流行。现在,全球每年因流感的死亡人数高达25～50万[1]。流感病毒属正黏病毒科[2],系单负链RNA病毒,病毒颗粒呈球形或细长形,直径约80～120nm。 Influenza (Influenza, referred to as influenza) is a highly contagious acute respiratory disease caused by influenza virus infection. Due to the high natural infection rate of influenza virus and the high variation of antigenicity, the flu is repeated every year and even a pandemic occurs. Now, the annual number of deaths from flu in the world is as high as 250,000 to 500,000 [1]. Influenza virus orthomyxoviridae [2], Department of single-negative stranded RNA virus, the virus particles were spherical or elongated shape, a diameter of about 80 ~ 120nm.