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显微镜的分辨能力是指将试样上细微组织形成清晰可分辨映象的能力。由于目镜只能放大物镜已分辨开的细节,而无助于物镜分辨能力的增加,因此显微镜的分辨能力实际上是指物镜的分辨能力。目前,有关资料中所介绍的分辨率计算公式,基本上都是根据阿贝成象学说推导出来的。即试样上的任一点经物镜放大成象后均为一具有一定尺寸的衍射亮斑(衍射象),中央直径为d的亮斑亮度最大,集中了全部衍射象光能量的80%以上,周围黑白相间的衍射环亮度逐渐减弱。当所观察的两物点距离过小时,其所对应的两光斑发生重叠,此时就不能分辨两物点的象,因此衍射现象限制了物镜的分辨率。理论和实
The resolution of a microscope refers to the ability of the sample to form a clearly identifiable image of the fine structure. As the eyepiece can only magnify the details of the objective lens has been resolved, but does not help increase the resolution of the objective lens, so the resolution of the microscope actually refers to the resolution of the objective lens. At present, the formula for calculating the resolution introduced in the relevant data is basically derived from Abe’s imaging theory. That is, any point on the specimen enlarged and imaged by the objective lens is a diffractive bright spot (diffraction image) with a certain size, the bright spot with the central diameter d is the largest, and all the diffracted light is concentrated at 80% or more of the light energy, Around the black and white diffraction ring brightness gradually weakened. When the distance between the observed two objects is too small, the corresponding two spots overlap. At this time, the image of the two object points can not be distinguished. Therefore, the diffraction phenomenon limits the resolution of the objective lens. Theory and reality