登山运动(mountaineering)是在特定要求下,从低海拔地形向高海拔山峰进行攀登的一项体育活动。登山运动可分为登山探险(也称高山探险)、竞技攀登(包括攀岩、攀冰等)和健身性登山。登山探险一般是指人们在一定器械和装备的辅助下,以克服各种恶劣自然条件,登上高峰绝顶为目标而进行的登山运动。 Mountaineering is a sport that climbs from low altitude terrain to high elevation mountain peaks at specific requirements. Mountaineering can be divided into mountaineering expedition (also known as mountain adventure), competitive climbing (including climbing, ice climbing, etc.) and fitness mountaineering. Mountaineering expedition generally refers to people in certain equipment and equipment with the help of all kinds of harsh natural conditions to overcome the climax of the summit as the goal of mountaineering.