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模拟降雨条件下研究了含砾石土壤的入渗过程,分析了砾石含量和坡度对土壤坡面产流时间和入渗的影响。研究结果表明:含砾石土壤的坡面产流时间与砾石含量和坡度密切相关,当坡度>5°时,产流时间与砾石含量呈线性负相关。当坡度<5°时,不同砾石含量的土壤入渗能力表现出明显差异;砾石含量为20%~30%时,土壤入渗相对增加;当坡度>10°时,砾石含量对入渗能力的影响不明显。利用Kostiakov入渗经验模型可以很好地模拟含砾石土壤的降雨入渗过程,模型中的经验系数K能够反映出降雨开始1 min内坡度和砾石含量对入渗的影响。
Infiltration process of gravel-bearing soil under simulated rainfall conditions was studied, and the effect of gravel content and slope on runoff time and infiltration of soil was analyzed. The results show that the runoff time of gravelly soil is closely related to the gravel content and slope. When the slope is greater than 5 °, the runoff time is negatively correlated with the gravel content. When the slope is less than 5 °, the infiltration capacity of soil with different gravel contents shows obvious differences. When the gravel content is between 20% and 30%, soil infiltration increases relatively. When the gradient is greater than 10 °, the infiltration capacity of gravel The effect is not obvious. The Kostiakov infiltration empirical model can well simulate the rainfall infiltration process of gravelly soil. The empirical coefficient K in the model can reflect the influence of slope and gravel content on the infiltration within 1 min of rainfall start.