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[目的]了解上海市突发公共卫生事件重点防控场所的分布,为合理配置卫生应急资源提供依据。[方法]调查2013年上海市17个区(县)幼托机构、中小学校、托老机构、存在职业病危害因素的企业、集中式供水、核与辐射技术利用单位的分布和涉及人员数。[结果]上海市有各级各类幼儿园/托儿所/看护点2 515家,各类公办/民办/希望学校1 752家,托老机构876家,主要分布在浦东新区和闵行区;存在急性职业中毒有害因素的企业4 433家;水厂104座,水库唧站43座,二次供水设施113 691个,其分布与居民分布基本一致;核与辐射技术利用单位1 736家,其中医疗机构1 273家、企业463家,分布较均衡。[结论]上海市仍需加强传染病类突发公共卫生事件处置能力的建设,郊区(县)应加强急性职业中毒事件的识别和处置能力,相邻区域可联合开展饮用水、核与辐射事件处置的能力建设。
[Objective] To understand the distribution of key prevention and control places of public health emergencies in Shanghai and provide basis for rational allocation of emergency resources. [Methods] To investigate the distribution and personnel involved in the utilization of centralized water supply, nuclear and radiation technology in 17 district / county preschools, primary and secondary schools, care-giving agencies, enterprises with occupational hazards in 2013 in Shanghai. [Results] There were 2 515 kindergartens, nurseries and nursing homes at all levels in Shanghai, 1 752 various public / private / hope schools and 876 old care institutions, mainly in Pudong New Area and Minhang District. There were acute occupations 4 433 enterprises with toxic and harmful elements, 104 water plants, 43 reservoir jacks and 113 691 secondary water supply facilities, whose distribution is basically the same as that of residents. There are 1 736 nuclear and radiation technology utilization units, of which medical institutions 1 273, 463 enterprises, distributed more evenly. [Conclusions] Shanghai still needs to strengthen the construction of emergency public health emergencies handling capacity in infectious diseases. Suburban counties should strengthen the identification and disposal of acute occupational poisoning incidents, and the adjacent areas can jointly carry out drinking water, nuclear and radiation events Disposal of capacity building.