目前世界上绝大多数国家所装备的突击步枪都在小口径化,为战时供应方便起见,暂统一为5.56、5.45和5.8mm三种口径,而以5.56mm装备的国家最多。但在学术上时此问题有不同的观点,本文作者从不同角度论述了自己对步兵武器小口径化的认识,现发表此文,以求引起深入思考。 At present, most of the countries in the world are equipped with assault rifles that are small in caliber. For the sake of wartime supply convenience, they are tentatively unified in the three caliber of 5.56, 5.45 and 5.8 mm, while the country equipped with 5.56 mm has the largest number. However, there are different views on this issue in academic terms. The author discusses his own understanding of the small caliber of infantry weapons from different perspectives. This paper is published in the hope of arousing deep thinking.