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视动性眼震(Optokinetic nystagmus,简称OKN)是一种生理性诱发眼震。其产生与前庭系统无关。当注视连续、重复从眼前通过的物象,如坐在火车中的乘客注视窗外连续通过的树木时,就可产生这种不随意、有节律的眼球摆动。因此,OKN又称为行车眼震(railroad nystag-mus),也有人称其为篱笆桩眼震(picker fencenystagmus)。自1921年Bárány氏首将OKN检查法介绍于临床以来,各家对其机理和临床价值做了很多探讨,并逐渐应用于耳神经学临床。眼震电图的问世,促进了OKN机理和临床应用的研究,使其在鉴别中枢性或周围性前庭病变以及在中枢性病变的定位等方面占有了一定的地位。
Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is a physiologically induced nystagmus. Its production has nothing to do with the vestibular system. This involuntary, rhythmic eye-swinging can occur when looking at objects that are continuous and repetitive from the front, such as when a passenger seated in a train looks out of the window through trees that run continuously. Therefore, OKN, also known as railroad nystag-mus, is also known as picker fence nystagmus. Since Bárány’s first OKN examination was introduced in clinic in 1921, many studies on its mechanism and clinical value have been made and gradually applied to the clinical study of otology. The advent of electronystagmography has promoted the study of OKN mechanism and clinical application, which makes it play a certain role in the differential diagnosis of central or peripheral vestibular lesions and in the localization of central lesions.