:本文对材料的发展现状作了较为详尽的综述 ,对先进材料的开发使用和材料科学的发展前景作了展望。由于材料特别是高性能、多用途先进材料是人类社会发展的重要推动力 ,先进材料将继续成为科学和工程研究的重点。作者认为纤维增强树脂复合材料和硅基电子材料是当今工业中最重要的材料 ,而智能材料、纳米材料、光电材料、生物材料和高温陶瓷材料将是 2 1世纪的研究重点 ,并将发挥愈来愈大的作用 This article gives a more detailed overview of the development of materials and prospects for the development and use of advanced materials and prospects for the development of materials science. As materials, especially high-performance, multi-purpose advanced materials, are important drivers of human development, advanced materials will continue to be the focus of scientific and engineering research. The authors conclude that fiber-reinforced resin composites and silicon-based electronic materials are the most important materials in the industry today, and smart materials, nanomaterials, optoelectronic materials, biomaterials, and high temperature ceramic materials will be the focus of the 21st century and will exert their influence To the greater role