在21世纪,载人航天的主要任务之一是进行星际飞行,实现到达火星和重返月球,但要实现这些任务还有很多医学问题需要解决。本文主要介绍阻碍星际飞行的四大医学问题,即:长期太空飞行对人体的影响,大剂量辐射对人体健康的影响,心理障碍和生育后代的问题。 In the 21st century, one of the main tasks of manned space flight is to carry out interstellar flights to reach Mars and return to the moon. However, there are still many medical problems to be solved in order to accomplish these tasks. This article focuses on four major medical issues that hinder interstellar flight: the effects of long-term space flight on the human body, the effects of high-dose radiation on human health, mental disorders and childbirth offspring.