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利用１９５１～１９９８ 年中国１６０ 站逐月降水和气温资料，分析了长江中下游降水异常的基本特征，并着重分析了它与全国其他地区降水和气温异常的关系。结果表明：长江中下游降水异常有明显的季节、年际和年代际变化特征，６～７ 月降水异常程度大、频数多，以７ 月为最；在近４８ 年中，该地区的降水异常表现为３ 个明显不同的气候时段，可选出１０ 个涝年和８ 个旱年。旱、涝年降水异常合成分析的ＥＯＦ分解指出，旱涝年时全国降水异常具有不同的时空分布特征，用同样的方法还研究了旱、涝年时全国气温异常在前期和后期的不同特点。
Using the monthly precipitation and temperature data of 160 stations in China from 1951 to 1998, the basic characteristics of precipitation anomalies in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are analyzed. The relationship between precipitation and temperature anomalies in other areas of the country is analyzed emphatically. The results show that the precipitation anomalies in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have obvious seasonal, interannual and interdecadal variations, and the precipitation anomalies are large and frequent in June and July, most frequently in July. In the past 48 years, the precipitation anomalies There are three distinctly different climate periods, with 10 flood years and 8 dry years selected. EOF decomposition of an anomaly synthetic analysis of drought and flood years indicates that precipitation anomalies have different spatial and temporal distributions during the years of drought and flood, and different characteristics of the anomaly of the whole country during the drought and flood years are also studied in the same period.