目的　了解陕西籍大学生错牙合畸形发生及有关因素。方法　对 2 0 98名新入学大学生进行错牙合畸形调查。结果　安氏Ⅰ类错牙合发病率最高 ;女性发病率高于男性 ;错牙合发生与城乡、家庭背景、经济状况等因素无明显关系 ;错牙合临床症状比较 ,拥挤和深覆牙合比例较大 ;错牙合者对自身牙颌畸形认识不足 ,治疗意识淡薄。结论　错牙合相关因素较多 ,但关键是加强对错牙合畸形患者早期宣传教育和诊治。 Objective To understand the occurrence of malocclusion and related factors among college students in Shaanxi Province. Methods Two hundred and eighty-eight new college students were investigated for malocclusion. Results The incidence of Class Ⅰ malocclusion was the highest. The incidence of female malocclusion was higher than that of male. The incidence of malocclusion was not significantly related to the factors such as urban and rural areas, family background and economic status. The clinical features of malocclusion were crowded and overbite A larger proportion; wrong occlusion on their own dentures deformity lack of awareness, treatment of light. Conclusion There are many related factors of malocclusion, but the key point is to strengthen early publicity, education and diagnosis of patients with malocclusion.