阉人自古有之,阉祸初露于秦,张扬于汉而盛于唐,烈于明,明则以天启朝为极峰。黄宗羲《明夷待访录·奄宦上》云:“汉唐宋有干与朝政之奄宦,无奉行奄宦之朝政;今有奉行奄宦之朝政,明朝是也。”黄宗羲的父亲尊素,就是被魏忠贤拷打致死的。正史中之有阉党列传,也是从《明史》开始。既名阉党,顾名思义,成员应该都是阉人,如东林党的成员都是士人,可是阉党的大批成员 Eunuchs have since ancient times, castrated on the early show Qin, publicity in the Han and Sheng Tang, Lie in the Ming, the Ming Dynasty is the most apocalyptic peak. Huang Zongxi “Visiting Ming Yi”: “Han dynasty and Tang dynasty had the dynasty of dynasty and dynasty, and did not pursue dynastic dynastic dynasty; now dynasty pursues dynastic dynasty, Ming dynasty is also.” “Huang Zongxi’s father Zun Su, Wei Zhongxian is tortured to death. In the history of the eunuch biography, but also from the ”Ming Dynasty" began. The famous eunuch, as the name suggests, members should all be eunuchs, such as members of the Donglin party are scholars, but a large number of members of the eunuch