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目的了解四川省宜宾市新生儿破伤风(NT)流行病学情况,探索进一步降低NT发病率的措施。方法利用描述性流行病学分析方法,对2001-2010年NT监测资料进行分析。结果宜宾市2001-2010年的10年间共报告62例NT确诊病例,年发病率波动在0.04‰～0.20‰之间,年均病死率为67.74%,全年均有发病,以男性为多,病例发病平均在出生后6 d,93.55%的病例是在家中出生,95.16%的病例是由未经培训的人员接生。结论旧法接生和产前未注射破伤风类毒素是NT发病的主要原因。进一步推广住院分娩,提高群众卫生保健意识,对高危人群接种破伤风类毒素是巩固消除NT成果、进一步降低NT发病率的重要措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiology of neonatal tetanus (NT) in Yibin, Sichuan Province, and explore ways to further reduce the incidence of NT. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze NT monitoring data from 2001 to 2010. Results A total of 62 NT cases were reported in Yibin from 2001 to 2010. The annual incidence fluctuated between 0.04 ‰ and 0.20 ‰ and the annual average mortality was 67.74% On average, 6 days after birth, 93.55% of cases were born at home and 95.16% of cases were delivered by untrained persons. Conclusion The incidence of NT is the main reason for the incidence of NT in old-fashioned patients and non-injected tetanus toxoid. To further promote hospital delivery and improve people’s awareness of health care, tetanus toxoid in high-risk groups is to consolidate the elimination of NT results, and further reduce the incidence of NT an important measure.